If you use artificial intelligence tools to assist with research or writing, you must disclose AI use in your paper and to your publisher.
Some ways to use generative AI:
1. You use generative AI for writing assistance. For example, you drop your own words into a chatbot (like ChatGTP) to enhance the text.
How do you disclose? Describe how you used AI for writing assistance in an appropriate section of the paper like the Acknowledgments section or "use of generative AI" section. Your publisher may advise you as to the wording or the section. Tip: Include the version of the AI tool you used.
2. You ask generative AI a question and use its answer in your paper. Ex. For background information.
How do you disclose? In this case, the generative AI should be treated like an author. Cite the AI tool & prompt in the Reference section of the paper using your chosen citation style format. See "Referencing AI Generated Images & Text" below.
3. You use generative AI to create or enhance an image.
How do you disclose? List the AI tool, any prompts, and how it was used under the image in the paper. See "Referencing AI Generated Images & Text" below.
4. You use an AI tool to help find articles for a review paper.
How do you disclose? Disclose use of the AI tool in the Methods section of your paper.
5. You use a copyrighted AI tool in your research and use the output to make conclusions.
How do you disclose? Disclose the AI tool and use in the Methods section of the paper. Discuss the accuracy, any biases, or limitations of the AI tool in the Discussion section. Differences in observational versus AI-generated data should be clearly stated. Provide readers any data to ensure reproducibility of results.
6. You create or refine an AI model for your research.
How do you disclose? Disclose in the Methods section. To ensure reproducibility, the training data, AI output, and the model should made available in a repository (like GitHub) with an access link in the paper. Discuss the accuracy, any biases, or limitations of the AI tool in the Discussion section. Differences in observational versus AI-generated data should be clearly stated.
Refer to the "AI in Scientific Publications Resources" box on the left for more information.
Disclaimer: These online sites are maintained by third parties outside of ACPHS Library Services and are only intended as guides to citation format. Your professor or editor is the final authority.
Citation guides from other libraries
The following selected AI tools search scholarly literature, explore citations and visualize connections between research. All of the tools offer free versions, but most require that you register for an an account.
Keep in mind that since AI cannot search past a paywall (journal/database site), these tools have access to less full-text sources than our library databases. Also, the articles that an AI tool finds may have been from a preprint, a predatory publisher or retracted.